Rušarová K., Havrland B., Mazancová J., Ciboch H.
Abstract
Purpose: to relate outcomes of an analysis conducted in the course of the Development Project implementation as done for the MSc. Thesis working out. The analysis was done to
prepare an information D-base for the following estimations of further development of agricultural technologies, installed power requirements and prediction of needs in mechanical power and animal draft for the next 10 years. Methodology: extensive survey on agricultural land use, crop structure and power available in the agriculture in both the Bié province and national levels has been conducted. The obtained data have been classified, statistically processed and tabelized or put into graphics to get maximum refined information. Findings: the references analysis proofed that three kinds of technologies are used in developing countries while in Angola the hand-tool technology prevails. It has been found that the present level of the installed power per hectare is very low (0.2 kW) and number of tractors per 1,000 hectares reaches 0.606. The future needs in mechanical power have been calculated and found that the actual need in installed energy is 0.74 kW per hectare. The growth of installed energy was taken as three times faster than the agricultural production growth. This is in tune with the overall requirement on the agricultural production in Angola to grow by 55.1% in the case of cereals and by 67.2% in the case of pulses. Consider 2.6% population and consequent needed agricultural growth, with reasonable annual agricultural growth of 5%, the sustainable agricultural production will be achieved so far in 2029. The needed installed power will be reached by 15% annual growth in 2017. It is necessary that in 2020 the installed power will already achieve 0.67 kW per hectare with supposed technologies structure: 25.56% hand-tool, 13.4 animal draught and 61.04% mechanical power. Thus, the needed number of tractor units will increase up to 22,513 units. Practical implications: the above conclusions have led to recommendations on future provisions of power units (tractors) in the time space 2010 - 2020. The pover units can be supplied from abroad (foreign currency needed) or may be implemented through a project of Tractor Assembly Plant in Angola (determination of its yearly capacity).
Key words:
hand-tool technoology; animal draught technology, mechanical energy, installed power; crop structure; cultivated area; tractor; Angola